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In the context of network security on macOS, 'EAP' stands for Extensible Authentication Protocol. EAP is a widely used authentication framework designed to provide secure authentication for network access. It is particularly utilized in wireless networks and supports various authentication methods, such as token cards, one-time passwords, public keys, and more.

EAP enhances the ability of devices to authenticate against network services and helps establish a secure connection before transmitting sensitive data. Its extensible nature allows developers to create new authentication methods, thus making it a versatile choice in diverse networking environments.

Other terms like Enhanced Access Protocol, Encrypted Access Protocol, and Enterprise Access Protocol do not accurately describe the widely recognized framework used for authentication in network security settings. While these options may suggest features related to access or encryption, they do not reflect the established terminology and functionality that EAP embodies in the realm of network security, especially on macOS systems.