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FileVault encryption is a security feature specifically designed to protect files on a Mac against unauthorized access. When FileVault is enabled, it encrypts the entire startup disk, ensuring that all data stored on the disk is secure and can only be accessed with the correct password. This encryption effectively safeguards sensitive information from unauthorized users, especially in scenarios where the device might be lost or stolen.

By using XTS-AES-128 encryption with a 256-bit key, FileVault ensures that all the data on the drive is unreadable without the proper credentials. This level of security is particularly important for users who handle sensitive or confidential information and need to ensure that their data remains private.

In contrast to the other options, while the firewall is protective against unwanted network access, it does not encrypt files. The Secure Enclave is a security feature aimed at cryptographic operations and secure storage of sensitive information, but it does not specifically encrypt the contents of the entire disk. Disk Utility is a tool for managing disks and performing tasks such as formatting and partitioning, but it does not provide the encryption needed to protect files against unauthorized access. Thus, FileVault stands out as the specific solution for file security on macOS devices.